HSPA+ Design Details & System Engineering

• HSPA+ in the HSPA Roadmap
  • UMTS R99 / R4, HSDPA R5, HSPA R6, LTE R8, HSPA+ R7, HSPA+ R8, HSPA+ R9
    
  • Main Feature Sets of Rel. 7
    
    • Advanced Receivers, Downlink Interference Cancellation Receiver 2i and 3i, Continuous Packet Connectivity (CPC), Direct Tunneling – Flat Network Architecture
      
  • Enhanced FACH - HS-PDSCH Reception in CELL_FACH and XXX_PCH
    
• Optional and Mandatory Features in Rel. 7
  
  • F-DPCH, MAC-ehs and HS-SCCHless Support
    
  • Enhanced F-DPCH, CELL_FACH and XXX_PCH
    
    • Enhanced F-DPCH, HS-PDSCH in CELL_FACH and XXX_PCH
      
  • BCCH over HS-PDSCH, RLC Improvements
    
  • New UL Measurement RSEPS and HS-DSCH FP Data Frame Types (UTRAN only)
    
    • HS-DSCH Data Frame Type1 - 3, RSEPS
      
  • DPCCH Gating, new Uplink Slot Format #4 and E-DPCCH Power Boosting as well E-DPDCH Power Interpolation
    
    • E-DPDCH Power Interpolation, E-DPCCH Power Boosting, New uplink DPCCH Slot Format #4, Uplink DPCCH Gating and Downlink DRX for HS-SCCH and E-XXCH
      Practical Exercise: HSPA+ Features and their Benefit
      
• Feature Review of HSDPA
  
  • Release 5 HSDPA Feature Summary
    
  • Release 6 HSDPA Feature Summary
    
    • Improved HS-DSCH Reception for UE – Type 1, 2, 2i, 3, 3i
      Release 7 HSDPA Feature Summary
      Continuous Packet Connectivity – CPC, UE Radio Access Capability Parameters, PDCP parameters, RLC and MAC-hs parameters, FDD Physical channel parameters in downlink, FDD physical channel parameters in uplink, HARQ Techniques within HSPA/HSPA+, Type I Hybrid ARQ – Low UE Complexity , Type II Hybrid ARQ – High UE Complexity, Type III Hybrid ARQ – Medium UE Complexity, Parameters for signaling the HARQ scheme, Turbo Coding – Systematic Bits, self-decodable and non-self-decodable Transmission, Self-decodable versus Non-self-decodable Transmission, Full IR, Partial IR, Chase Combining
      
  • HSDPA Spreading and Modulation
    
    • QPSK Modulation Mapper, 16-QAM Modulation Mapper, 64-QAM Modulation Mapper, WCDMA Physical Data Rates, QPSK, 16-QAM, 64-QAM
      
  • HSDPA Category Table from Rel. 5 – Rel. 7
    
    • Hybrid ARQ with Stop and Wait Processes, Physical Gross Data Rates, Code Rate R and Soft Memory, HSDPA Resource Allocation and Timing Relations
      
• Feature Review of HSUPA
  
  • HSUPA Feature Summary of Rel. 6
    
    • E-DCH Principle: Scaling of TBS relative to Reference Power Offset and Reference TBS
      
  • HSUPA Feature Summary Rel. 7
    
  • Example of HSUPA Category 7 UE with Multi-Code Operation
    
  • HSUPA Categories Rel.6 and Rel. 7
    
• Peak Throughput Increase in HSPA+
  
  • Higher Order Modulation Schemes
    
    • DL Modulation Schemes, UL Modulation Schemes
      
  • MIMO versus Downlink Dual Carrier
    
    • Rel. 8 Dual Carrier HSDPA - Multiple Carrier Technology, MIMO
      
• Transport Channels and Physical Channels in HSPA/HSPA+
  
  • HSDPA detailed Channel View according to Releases
    
    • Release 5 HSDPA Channel Properties, Single Sided RLC Re-establishment Procedure, Release 6 HSDPA Channel Properties, Channel Coding of PRE and POST (includingHARQ-ACK), Release 7 HSDPA Channel Properties
      
  • HSUPA Detailed Channel View
    
    • E-HICH, E-AGCH, E-RGCH, E-DPDCH and E-DPCCH, E-DCH, F-DPCH, E-DCH Serving RLS versus non-Serving RL and E-HICH RLS, RG Combination Index, Uplink Macro Diversity Combining – TPC Combination Index, Summary: HSDPA and HSUPA Channel Overview, Uplink DPCCH Slot Format – Rel.7 Slot Format #4
      
• HSDPA Data Scheduling in the Downlink
  
  • HSDPA Basic Operation and Scheduling
    
    • MAC-(e)hs, New Channels, UE Scheduling
      
  • HS-DSCH Setup and Operation
    
    • HS-DSCH Configuration – Radio Bearer Setup, HS-DSCH Operation
      
  • HS-SCCHless Operation (Rel. 7 onwards)
    
    • Pre-Conditions for HS-SCCHless Operation, HS-SCCHless Operation – TransmissionTiming, Details on HS-SCCHless Operation , 1st step, initial transmission of data packet, 2nd and 3rd step, retransmission of data packet
      
• Basics Data Scheduling in the Uplink
  
  • SIR Considerations in a CDMA-system
    
  • Uplink Load Curve – Rise over Thermal
    
    • Measurement of Air Interface Load, Uplink Load, Load Estimation based on Receive Total Wideband Power (RTWP
      
  • Review of Rel. ‘99 till Rel. 5 Uplink TFC Selection
    
  • Serving Grant Controlling UE’s E-TFCI Selection
    
    • Serving Grant Table 1 (Rel. 6), Serving Grant Update, Spreading Factor 4 Equivalents, Why is Serving Grant expressed as a maximum Power Ratio?
      
  • Serving Grant Table 2 (Rel. 7)
    
    • UE’s Scheduling Requests
      Inband Scheduling Info on the E-DCH, Scheduled Transmission, Scheduled Transmission continued, Non-Scheduled Transmission, UE Power Head Room (UPH), Outband Happy Bit on the E-DPCCH, Scheduling Operation in conjunction with SI, Happy Bit and RoT
      
  • Practical Exercise: Work out the differences between HSDPA and HSUPA!
    
• HSPA+ Protocol Stack
  
  • HSUPA Protocol Stack Details
    
  • HSDPA Protocol Stack Details
    
    • MAC-ehs Protocol specifics – MAC-ehs header features

Reviewing Release 6 HSDPA Enhancements

• Purpose of F-DPCH (associated with HSDPA)
  
  • DPCH frame offset for F-DPCH
    
  • F-DPCH Setup
    
    • F-DPCH Slot Format, F-DPCH Quality Target Control, TPC Command Error Rate , RRC Connection Request and UE Radio Access Capability, More Details on Fractional DPCH (F-DPCH)
      
• Preamble and Postamble in HSDPA Release 6
  
  • HSDPA Pre- and Postamble (Pre-Post), UE Procedure for Receiving HS-DSCH

HSPA+ in Release 7

• Higher Order Modulation Schemes
  
  • Advantages and weaknesses of higher order modulation
    
    • Interference Sensitivity , QPSK, 16-QAM, 64-QAM, Consequences, Behavior in Time Variant Mobile Radio Channels, Behavior of a time variant mobile radio channel, Effect of amplitude variations , Effect of phase variations
      
  • 64-QAM Setup
    
    • Maximum flexible RLC-AM PDU Size supported in UMTS Rel. 7
      
• MIMO Feedback Procedure (PCI)
  
  • Motivation of Spatial Precoding
    
    • Plain MIMO, Multiple rank beamforming
      
  • Spatial Precoding
    
  • Codebook, PCI and CQI Loop
    
    • Codebook, PCI and CQI loop
      
  • MIMO Performance on Link Level
    
    • SISO vs. SIMO, SIMO vs. MIMO, 2x2 MIMO vs. 4x2 MIMO, 16-QAM vs. 64-QAM
      
• Continuous Packet Connectivity (CPC)
  
  • Uplink DTX Cycles in CELL_DCH
    
    • Image Description continued, Uplink Discontinuous Transmission (DTX), Downlink Discontinuous Reception (DRX), Preconditions for DTX-DRX Enabling – Consistency Checks, Preamble and E-DCH Transmission during uplink DPCCH Gating
      
  • RRC message ID’s
    
    • DTX and DRX Information
      
  • CPC Timing
    
    • Uplink CQI transmission
      
  • Example for Uplink DPCCH Burst Pattern for 10 ms E-DCH TTI
    
    • Uplink DRX, Downlink DRX
      
  • Uplink DPCCH preamble and postamble
    
    • Uplink DPCCH preamble and postamble for the DPCCH only transmission, Uplink DPCCH preamble and postamble for the E-DCH transmission, Uplink DPCCH preamble and postamble for the HS-DPCCH transmission
      
  • Example of simultaneous Uplink DTX and Downlink DRX
    
  • HS-SCCH Order Timing
    
    • HS-SCCH Order for Activating/Deactivating uplink DTX, HS-SCCH Order for Activating/Deactivating downlink DRX
      
  • CPC and Enhanced F-DPCH
    
    • Timing Implications for CPC + Enhanced F-DPCCH
      
• Upgraded L1 Signaling
  
  • HS-SCCH Review of Rel. 5 and 6
    
    • HS-SCCH Frame Structure, HS-SCCH Part 1 and 2 Forward Error Coding Chain, UE specific masking of Part 1 and Part 2, HS-PDSCH Code Allocation through Part1 of HS-SCCH, Transport Block Size Determination – TFRI Mapping
      
  • HS-SCCH of Rel. 7
    
    • HS-SCCH Overview of Rel. 7, HS-SCCH type 1, No HS-SCCH, HS-SCCH type 2, HS-SCCH type 3, HS-SCCH Type 1 (for 64-QAM, HS-SCCH Order and legacy), HS-SCCH Type 1, HS-SCCH orders, Usage like in R5, HS-SCCH Type 1 for Configured 64-QAM Operation, QPSK, HS-SCCH Orders (Part 2 Meaning), Order type, DRX in HSPA+, DTX in HSPA+, 64-QAM Constellation Versions, HS-SCCH Type 2 (for HS-SCCH less operation), Use of the HS-SCCH-less operation, Procedure HS-SCCH-less operation, HS-SCCH Type 3, HS-SCCH Type 3 Overview, Channelization code set, Modulation scheme and TB number, PCI, TB block size, HARQ process number, RV and CV, Missing NDI field(s), CRC XOR H-RNTI, HS-SCCH orders, Modulation and Transport Block Number , HARQ Process Number, Redundancy Version and Constellation Version, Implicit signaling of the NDI, Borrowing from HSUPA: Full IR does not always make sense, RV for QPSK, RV + CV for 16-QAM
      
  • HS-DPCCH of Rel. 7
    
    • HS-DPCCH ACK/NACK, ACK-NACK of primary TB in R5, Preamble and postamble in R6, ACK-NACK of 2 TB’s in R7, HS-DPCCH PCI and CQI type A and B, CQI in case of no MIMO operation, PCI and CQI in case of MIMO with 2 TB (CQI type A), PCI and CQI in case of MIMO with 1 TB’s (CQI type B)
      
  • E-AGCH and E-DPCCH
    
    • Changes in the E-TFCI tables, Changes in the AG tables, Changes in the SG tables
      
• MAC-ehs Entity versus MAC-hs
  
  • UTRAN side MAC-hs Details – CELL_DCH only
    
    • Flow Control, Scheduling/Priority Handling, HARQ, TFRC selection
      
  • UE side MAC-hs Details – CELL_DCH only
    
    • HARQ, Reordering Queue distribution, Reordering, Disassembly
      
  • UTRAN side MAC-ehs Details
    
    • Some advantages of MAC-ehs compared to MAC-hs , Flow Control, Scheduling/Priority Handling, HARQ, TFRC selection (~ TFRI), LCH-ID mux, Segmentation
      
  • UE side MAC-ehs Details
    
    • HARQ , Disassembly, Reordering queue distribution, Reordering, Reassembly, LCH-ID demultiplexing
      
  • Differences in the MAC-ehs and MAC-hs Header
    
    • MAC-hs Header Parameter Description, MAC-hs SDU , MAC-hs Header of MAC-hs PDU, MAC-ehs Header Parameter Description, MAC-ehs Header Parameter Details, MAC Headers for DTCH/DCCH, BCCH and PCCH, Practical Exercise: MAC-hs contra MAC-ehs, MAC-hs / MAC-ehs Stall Avoidance, Timer-Based Scheme , Window Bases Scheme, MAC-(e)hs Reordering Functionality – Timer / Window based, MAC-ehs / MAC-hs Reset
      
• Flexible RLC PDU Sizes
  
  • The RLC AMD PDU – Rel. 7 Enhancements
    
    • The Poll (POLL) super-field (RLC-AM Control PDU), RLC AMD Header Fields, Release 7 Enhancement of the HE-Field and LI
      
  • Comparison of RLC-AM between Rel. 6 and Rel. 7
    
    • RLC-AM Overhead using Fixed or Flexible PDU Size
      
• RRC State Operation Enhancements
  
  • Transport Channel Type Switching with HSPA in R6
    
    • Signaling Connection Release Indication – fast Dormancy, Transport Channel Combinations between UL and DL, Radio Bearer Multiplexing Options in Rel. 6
      
  • Operation of UTRA RRC States in Rel. 7 (UTRAN View)
    
    • UE Idle mode, CELL_DCH state
      
  • HS-DSCH Reception in CELL_FACH and XXX_PCH
    
    • Overview, UE dedicated paging in CELL_DCH, CELL_FACH and CELL_PCH, BCCH reception in CELL_FACH, FACH measurement occasion calculation, Measurement reporting procedure, (1) Operation in the CELL_FACH State , DCCH / DTCH reception in CELL_FACH state , User data on HS-DSCH in Enhanced CELL_FACH state, (2) Operation in the CELL_FACH State – Cell Update, (3) RRC Idle to Transient CELL_FACH, Common H-RNTI selection in CELL_FACH (FDD only), H-RNTI selection when entering Connected Mode (FDD only) , Operation in the URA_PCH or CELL_PCH State, Data Transfer in CELL_PCH with dH-RNTI, State Transition from CELL_PCH to CELL_FACH to CELL_DCH, CELL_PCH and URA_PCH Enhanced Paging Procedure

HSPA+ enhancements in Release 8

• Overview of HSPA+ Related Work Items in R8
  
  • Requirements for two branch IC, CS voice over HSPA, Performance requirements for 15 HSDPA codes, MIMO + 64-QAM, Dual Cell Operation, Enhanced DRX, Improved L2 for UL, Enhanced UL for CELL_FACH, R3 Enhancements for HSPA, Enhanced SRNS relocation
    
  • MIMO combined with 64-QAM and Dual Cell Operation
    
  • New UE Categories
    
    • Data Rate of MIMO combined with 64-QAM, Soft IR memory, The alternative to MIMO: dual cell operation.
      
  • L1 Signaling of MIMO and 64-QAM
    
    • Modulation Schemes and TB Sizes, Signaling on the HS-SCCH type 3, Dilemma to signal on the modulation schema and TB number field, Solution, CQI Signaling, CQI Tables usedDual Branch Interference Cancellation
      
  • Categorization of Advanced Receivers
    
    • Plain receivers, Receiver type 1, Receiver type 2, Receiver type 3, Receiver type 2i, Receiver type 3i

Selected Scenarios

• RRC and NAS Signaling for E-DCH Setup
  
• HS-DSCH and E-DCH Setup & Cell Change
  
  • RRC Connection Establishment (Radio Resource Control)
    
  • Service Request and Ciphering (GPRS Mobility Management)
    
  • PDP Context Activation Request (Session Management)
    
  • ALCAP - AAL-2 Channel Setup for Control & User Plane
    
    • MAC-d Flow Parameters
      
  • HSPA Radio Bearer Setup – User Plane
    
  • PDP Context Activation Accept
    
  • HSPA Serving Cell Status
    
    • E-DCH / HS-DSCH Serving Cell Change – E1D
      
  • E-DCH SHO Preparation – Event 1A
    
  • E-DCH SHO
    
  • HSPA SHO Status
    
  • HSPA Serving Cell Change – Event 1D
    
  • HSPA Hard HO – Transport Channel Reconfiguration
    
    • E-DCH SHO Status after High Speed Cell Change, Active Set Update with Radio Link Removal (Event 1 B)
      
  • AAL-2 Resource Release in old Cell
    
  • HSPA Cell Status after SHO – Single Cell in Active Set again
    
  • PDP Context Deactivation – PS Call Release
    
  • AAL-2 Resource Release of “HS-DSCH & E-DCH”
    
  • RRC Connection Release – Idle Mode
    
• Data Flow from TCP-IP packet in Uplink
  
• Practical Exercise: Calculate the throughput offered to applications on top of TCP/IP

Solutions for Practical Exercises